Feb/110
Making Websites Accessible: User Friendly Text
The Web has expanded the ability of disability employment programs to reach a diverse pool of potential job applicants. A wide range of customers is also readily reachable through vibrant company websites, social media networks, and email campaigns. Despite the opportunity provided by the Web and its dynamically evolving technologies, an estimated 15-20% of Americans have difficulty using technology because of a disability (i). This percentage is high, though, because most websites are not built with accessibility in mind.
Program Development Associates is proud to introduce the Making Websites Accessible series. This introductory course will be completed in 4 article installments: User Friendly Text, Image Optimization, Effective Video Use, and Color Scheme Planning. We encourage you to check in for each installment, and please leave feedback and questions!
Part I: User Friendly Text
The Web’s ability to transfer information via text is already a victory for those with hearing impairments and other disabilities that limit aural comprehension. However, this advantage is fairly underutilized. The reason: companies build websites pizzazz in mind. With billions of web pages on the Internet, organizations face more pressure than ever to make their own sites stand out. This typically means vibrant images, splashy colors, and sometimes cryptic word usage. These elements, when left to stand alone, are not easily comprehensible for individuals with disabilities. There is a middle ground, however. Organizations may use the following techniques to augment their current websites, increasing their readability and usability:
1) Website Readability
The primary thing to remember when writing text for a web page is the ease with which it can be read and understood. You may use a variety of different scales to gauge this metric. Online-utility.org features this free text tool to analyze the readability of content using traditional scales used by most publishing agents. Generally, websites should mirror most local newspapers and publish content that is deemed readable at a “fifth grade level”. This will change, however, depending on the specific demographic of the organization.
2) Complement Images with Text
As a general rule, never let images stand alone. Always use lines of text that will introduce and clarify the image.
3) Organize Content Into Lists
Use lists instead of color to group different text items. Head the lists with lines of descriptive text that introduce or classify the subsequent content. Tables are a good way to organize lists of content as well.
Paramount to any disability training program is the ability of a business to engage in such programs in a way that transcends internal operations. Disability education seminars and workshops are superb ways to facilitate inclusion in the workplace, however, such efforts should not keep only employees in mind. Instead, they should apply the same principles of inclusion, accessibility, and equal opportunity to other facets of business. This includes marketing to reach consumers with disabilities, offering job opportunities to prospects regardless of disability, and communicating with the general public in a manner that is comprehensible to those with disability. Optimizing company websites, social media pages, and other areas Web communication to make them accessible is the first step in attaining such a goal.
(i)http://www.shrm.org/hrdisciplines/Diversity/Articles/Pages/RecruitingSitesAccessible.aspx
Feb/110
Universal Design for Learning: An Office Application
The 1990s saw many developments to further the assimilation of those with disabilities into both classrooms and offices. While the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 barred employment discrimination based on disability, the Center for Applied Special Technology introduced the concept of Universal Design for Learning. Together, these two accomplishments make possible the employment and advancement of a range of individuals with a diverse range of abilities. While the ADA breaks down the workplace barriers faced by those with disabilities, UDL helps employers develop disability training programs with maximal effectiveness.
UDL Core Concepts
Specifically, UDL utilizes the following three core concepts to create a foundation for learning for those with disabilities:
1) Multiple means of representation: Gives the learner several ways to acquire the knowledge presented.
2) Multiple means of expression: Supplies the learner with alternatives to demonstrate what they have learned
3) Multiple means of engagement: Challenges teachers to gauge the learner’s interests, challenge them according to those interests, and motivate them to succeed.
UDL in the Workplace
Universal Design for Learning recognizes that each individual may have a unique way of assimilating and committing information to memory. This process is instrumental in creating knowledge, placing increased importance on the means in which information is presented to the learner. For workplaces rich in diversity, UDL fundamentals represent an effective way to present job related educational materials to individuals who may have drastically different learning abilities.
Disability education programs must be built to train employees with a range of mental and physical abilities. UDL can be applied to address this challenge in several ways. To illustrate, consider that an organization may create a training program for both visual and non-visual learners. In this example, non-visual learners represents both the visually impaired as well as those who have difficulty deducing information from illustrations. This organization can utilize the multiple means of representation to accommodate the learner differences by:
1) Creating texts and manuals that detail the information,
2) Creating texts and manuals written in brail for the visually impaired, or
3) Creating illustrations, Power Point presentations, flow charts, and other diagrams to communicate the very same information to those who prefer visual learning cues.
Implementing UDL concepts in developing training programs is a proactive way to implement Disability education programs in the workplace. UDL curricula are built with the special needs of a wide variety of employees in mind. Whether employees are mentally of physically impaired, or simply prefer one learning medium over anther, UDL ensures each individual has the opportunity to learn challenging concepts in the most effective way possible.
Feb/110
Assistive Tech Apps
Organizations continually face the hurdle of effective employee placement. This hurdle grows higher when the employee has a disability, challenging organizations to place individuals in work opportunities that are both safe and rewarding. Assistive technology, coupled with ongoing disability training, has made it possible for organizations to employ thousands of individuals with a wide array of impairments. These individuals are able to contribute to the organization and community through their work opportunities, becoming wage earners, consumers, and community participants.
Of all the pieces assistive technology that has evolved since the late 1900s, the one with the most potential was not actually designed for those with disabilities at all. Rather, it was designed to provide a mobile computing and entertainment solution for on-the-go, tech savvy consumers. The device features a 9.7 inch scratch and fingerprint resistant LCD screen for vibrant displays and intuitive user-interaction. It comes in a 3G model, giving users access to high speed Internet in most areas both indoors and out. It has expansive sound capabilities, though users may opt for wired or wireless Bluetooth headphones. The device, as you may have guessed, is the Apple iPad. And it represents an essential tool for diverse workplaces.
iPad Apps Disability Employers Will Love
The iPad is a great addition to workplaces with employees who have various different mental and physical disabilities. Like other mobile computing devices, the iPad thrives on applications, or ‘Apps’ for short. Most Apps can be downloaded straight to the iPad for only a few dollars. Moreover, a surging supply of Apps have arrived, speficially designed to help those with disabilities perform personal and work related tasks.
iPad App Must-Haves
The Christopher Reeve Foundation is dedicated to improving the quality of life for those with disability, specifically those with spinal cord injury. The following are among the best rated iPad applications for those with disability, according to the organization:
1) Proloquo 2 Go
The Proloquo2go is an application specifically designed to benefit those with speech impairment. The application has over 7,000 vocabulary items, provides automatic verb conjugation, and includes possessive noun usage. The application also offers a recently spoken feature, allowing users to pull up recently-used phrases from up to 7 days in the past.
2) Dragon Search
This application is designed for those with limited mobility and a need for Web surfing. Dragon Search installs quickly to the iPad and allows users to navigate to popular search engines like Google, Bing, Yahoo, or Twitter via voice command.
3) Dragon Diction
From the same company as Dragon Search comes Dragon Diction, the application that terms voice cues into digital writing. Perfect for those with limited mobility, especially in the arms or fingers, to use in composing documents, emails, and more.
It is important to note that these are merely 3 examples of well-received Apps that make work possible for those with disabilities. Of course, assistive technology is no substitute for disability training programs that build interoffice cohesion and inclusion. Assitive technology works well on the micro level, helping employees with disabilities to perform work related tasks. However, proper work supports and disability awareness initiatives must complement their use. Without addressing the macro level of the business, organizations leave themselves vulnerable to employee turnover, discrimination, and other losses.
Feb/110
Disability Employers and the BWAP
Disability employers and diverse organizations know that recruiting talent is meaningless without the means of organizing individuals to yield optimum production or service efficiency. Identifying individual aptitudes, abilities, and preferences goes a long way in placing new hires as well as advancing current employees. At times, specific assessment tools are necessary. For workplaces that employ individuals with disabilities, core operations depend on the accurate assessment and placement of individuals. Disability employers are smart to consider the Becker Work Adjustment Profile (BWAP) when conducting these assessments. This easy-to-use disability training resource provides critical insight on individual vocational abilities, a prerequisite for providing meaningful and safe job placement for those with disability.
Introduction: The Becker Work Adjustment Profile
The BWAP is an observer rating instrument that gauges the work readiness of an individual. This is measured by having a subject perform several work-related tasks while a third party observes and notes their behavior. The outcome of the BWAP assessment will highlight deficiencies in certain areas necessary for job performance. Businesses use this information to help place employees with physical or mental disability in appropriate positions within the organization.
Advantages of the BWAP
One advantage of the BWAP: It does not depend on the solicitation of user responses. Instead, it is an observer rating instrument. A professional observes the subject, rating him or her on several dimensions including work attitude, interpersonal relations, cognitive skills, and work performance skills. This significantly reduces the incidence of subject-driven error, so you may be confident in the outcomes of the assessments and place employees effectively.
The greatest advantage of the BWAP is that it highlights specific areas where the subject exhibits a skill deficiency. The deficiency is framed in the context of the work setting, and this varies by organization. In this way, the observer attains a clear understanding of the specific areas in which an employee may need support or additional training. Vocational training may then be implemented to remedy areas of skill deficiency, making the subject “work ready.”
Moving forward, companies are smart to prepare for assessing and placing workers with disability. Workplace disability is on the rise, indicated by the Council for Disability Awareness. Having a firmly established assessment and placement protocol will help to create the structure necessary to support employees with disabilities in 2011.
Feb/110
Employee Training Programs That Add Value
There are several reasons for employers to value a diverse employee base. Today’s business landscape is explosive; technological proliferation, decreased consumer spending, and a slow-to-recover economy make for a volatile environment. Organizations must take proactive steps towards hedging against such volatility. From a financial investment standpoint, one need only diversify their investment portfolio to minimize the risk associated with volatility. In the very same way, organizations may diversify to overcome the turbulent business environment of the present. With eclectic human capital comes a wider distribution of ideas, the foundation on which forward thinking and innovation are built.
Recruitment
Recruiting talented individuals is the first step in creating a diverse pool of human capital. Recruiters must focus on reaching a variety of different individuals. Drawing from different cultures, ethnicities, genders, and abilities is at the core of building diversity. Working with external agencies is also helpful in developing a valuable employee base. A disability employment program, for example, will help employers find skilled and qualified prospects with disabilities.
Training Employees: Disability Workplace Materials & More
Of course, one of the major hurdles that organizations must clear is placing, training, and developing each of their employees. Employees represent an opportunity for the cultivation of substantial value, if given the proper training. Workplaces with employees with disabilities, for example, must engage in employee education programs to create an inclusive work environment. These workplaces typically use disability workplace material like interactive software and DVD tutorials to build disability awareness, inclusion, and etiquette. This creates an environment where each employee is valued, contributes, and prospers
Fostering Inclusion
Inclusion, as advanced by disability rights advocates, is defined as a free and open accommodation of persons with disabilities without restrictions, limitations, or pity. It is important to understand this definition before attempting to foster inclusion in the workplace. Particularly noteworthy is the lack of pity associated with accommodating those with disabilities. This is an expression of one of the main arguments of the disability rights movement: those with disability are skilled, valuable, and capable. Those with disability should never be hired in spite of their disability; rather, they are to be hired for their unique abilities, just as any other job prospect. In this light, disability training and inclusion initiatives are to focus on spreading disability awareness to extinguish preconceived ideas pertaining to disability, individual limitations, and intellectual abilities.
Program Development Associates has a host of multimedia resources designed to help organizations train for disability. Our free product catalog is a great resource reference and may be downloaded on our homepage.
Feb/110
Building a Disability Employment Program
As training for disability initiatives gain momentum, one hopes to see a fall in unemployment among those with disabilities. Instead, the opposite is true. When facing an increasing rate of unemployment among those with disabilities, one need ask: why are disability employment programs not working? There have been dozens of initiatives aimed at lowering the level of unemployment among individuals with disability. From Federal legislation like the Americans with Disabilities Act to Presidential Executive Orders, finding jobs for those with disabilities has been on the forefront of American political agendas. The rate of unemployment continues to grow, despite the genuine efforts made by Federal lawmakers, business owners, and citizens alike.
Telework Exchange, in conjunction with the Federal Managers Association, shed some light on this mysterious conundrum in a study of Federal employees titled Unnecessary Boundaries. Through the early months of January and February of 2010, over 500 Federal employees were surveyed in an attempt to discern the extent to which Federal managers hired and trained job prospects with disabilities. Of the respondents polled, the following opinions were gathered (i):
- Over half (71%) of Federal employees surveyed felt that their manager, or managers, had fully committed to hiring prospects with disabilities.
- Only half of respondents (about 50%) felt that their managers had the skill sets necessary to train an individual with a disability.
The results of the TeleWork Exchange Unnecessary Boundaries study are quite clear. The level of unemployment among those with disability is not high because these individuals have trouble attaining work. Rather, the unemployment level remains high because these individuals are plugged into systems of training and development that are not ready to accommodate their needs.
Building Disability Employment Programs
Inclusive workplaces hire individuals because of their abilities. In certain circumstances, this may involve an employer gaining a talented individual through a work-placement agency or headhunter. Other times, employers simply encounter an applicant with a disability who happens to be the most qualified candidate for the position. In either case, the new hire must be correctly transitioned into the new work environment and company culture. The most proficient way to do so is through a Disability Employment Program. Such programs utilize disability videos, interactive training software, and standardized test materials to ensure a smooth transition for both new hire and current company culture.
The need for internal constructs that facilitate employee inclusion is great. The system has been set; no longer may employers discriminate among qualified job applicants merely because of disability. Rather, employers are required to make reasonable accommodations for new hires with disabilities. Program Development Associates offers many resources to help your organization develop disability training programs that build inclusion in the workplace.
(i) http://www.teleworkexchange.com/unnecessarybarriers/landing.asp
